Economic Analysis of Integrated Rice-Duck Farming System (IRDFS) as Climate Change Adaptation Strategy in Vulnerable Areas: The Case of Cotabato Province, Philippines

Abstract

The rice sub-sector in Cotabato province is grappling with the severe impacts of climate change, particularly heightened vulnerability to flooding. In response to these challenges, there is a pressing need to embrace adaptation and mitigation strategies that not only alleviate the current effects of climate change but also proactively address future scenarios. This study focuses on assessing the economic significance of the integrated rice-duck farming system (IRDFS) as a foundation step toward agricultural development in the region. Utilizing a combination of data from secondary sources, focus group discussions, and key informant interviews, the study explores the potential of IRDFS in adapting to the impacts of climate change on rice cultivation in Cotabato province. The findings reveal that the adoption of IRDFS yields positive economic indicators, including a positive NPV (NPV>0), a Benefit-Cost Ratio greater than 1 (BCR>1), and an Internal Rate of Return (IRR) of more than 10% discount rate. The positive financial metrics suggest that the IRDFS is not only economically viable but also environmentally sustainable. The integration of duck farming with rice cultivation demonstrates its potential to bring about a net welfare improvement in the rice sub-sector. This indicates that, beyond economic benefits, IRDFS aligns with environmentally conscious patterns, making it a promising strategy for the region. Therefore, it is recommended that various stakeholders, including government agencies, key players in the rice sub-sector, NGOs, and other relevant entities, collaborate to develop and implement policies promoting the widespread adoption of IRDFS in the province. By fostering the integration of ducks into rice farming practices, stakeholders can contribute to the resilience of the rice sub-sector against the adverse effects of climate change, thereby ensuring sustainable agricultural development in the province.